Bulu terbang

Burung layang merah (Milvus milvus) sedang terbang

Bulu terbang (Pennae volatus) adalah bulu pennaceous yang terpasang secara simetris namun berbentuk asimetris yang berbentuk panjang di bagian sayap atau ekor burung. Fungsi utama bulu terbang adalah untuk membantu gaya dorong dan gaya angkat, sehingga burung dapat terbang.

Referensi

• Campbell, Bruce; Lack, Elizabeth, ed. (1985), A Dictionary of Birds, Carlton, England: T and A D Poyser, ISBN 0-85661-039-9 
• del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Sargatal, Jordi, ed. (1992), Handbook of the Birds of the World, Volume 1: Ostrich to Ducks, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, ISBN 84-87334-10-5 
• del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Sargatal, Jordi, ed. (1997), Handbook of the Birds of the World, Volume 4: Sandgrouse to Cuckoos, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, ISBN 84-87334-22-9 
• del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Christie, David, ed. (2004), Handbook of the Birds of the World, Volume 9: Cotingas to Pipits and Wagtails, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, ISBN 84-87334-69-5 
• Ehrlich, Paul R.; Dobkin, Darryl A.; Wheye, Darryl; Pimm, Stuart L. (1994), The Birdwatcher's Handbook, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-858407-5 
• Ferguson-Lees, James; Christie, David A. (2001), Raptors of the World, London: Christopher Helm, ISBN 0-7136-8026-1 
• Forsman, Dick (1999), The Raptors of Europe and the Middle East, London: T and A D Poyser, ISBN 0-85661-098-4 
• Grubb, T. C. (1989), "Ptilochronology: feather growth bars as indicators of nutritional status", Auk, 106: 314–320, JSTOR 4087726 
• Jenni, Lukas; Winkler, Raffael (1994), Moult and Ageing of European Passerines, London: Academic Press, ISBN 0-12-384150-X 
• Paulson, Dennis (2005), Shorebirds of North America, London: Christopher Helm, ISBN 0-7136-7377-X 
• Shawkey, Matthew D.; Beck, Michelle L.; Hill, Geoffrey E. (2003), "Use of a gel documentation system to measure feather growth bars", J. Field Ornithol., 74 (2): 125–128, doi:10.1648/0273-8570-74.2.125 
• Sibley, David; et al. (2001), The Sibley Guide to Bird Life & Behaviour, London: Christopher Helm, ISBN 0-7136-6250-6 
• Trail, Pepper (2001), Wing Feathers (PDF), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2017-09-30, diakses tanggal 4 August 2017 

Pranala luar

• Wing Feathers—US Fish and Wildlife Service document Diarsipkan 2017-09-30 di Wayback Machine. Contains excellent photographic examples of emargination and notching in raptor remiges.
• Video of feeding Magellanic woodpecker (Campephilus magellanicus) Shows use of rectrices for bracing.
• Video of singing male superb lyrebird (Menuta novaehollandiae) Shows long modified rectrices which are used in display (though the video doesn't show full display).
• Video of male club-winged manakin (Machaeropterus deliciosus) Shows use of secondary remiges to produce sound.
• Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology's American woodcock (Scolopax minor) recordings #94216 has a good example of the sounds made by remiges during courtship display flight, starting at about 2:32.
• Sound made by rectrices in courtship flight of common snipe (Gallinago gallinago) Diarsipkan 2018-10-05 di Wayback Machine.