Sinabar
| Sinabar | |
|---|---|
 Sinabar | |
| Umum | |
| Kategori | Mineral sulfida |
| Rumus (unit berulang) | Merkuri(II) sulfida, HgS |
| Klasifikasi Strunz | 2.CD.15a |
| Sistem kristal | Trigonal |
| Kelas kristal | Trapezohedral (32) (same H-M symbol) |
| Grup ruang | P3121, P3221 |
| Sel unit | a = 4.145(2) Å, c = 9.496(2) Å, Z = 3 |
| Identifikasi | |
| Warna | Cochineal-red, towards brownish red and lead-gray |
| Perawakan | Rhombohedral to tabular; granular to massive and as incrustations |
| Bentuk kembaran | Simple contact twins, twin plane {0001} |
| Belahan | Prismatic {1010}, perfect |
| Fraktur | Uneven to subconchoidal |
| Sifat dalam | Slightly sectile |
| Kekerasan dalam skala Mohs | 2.0-2.5 |
| Kilau | Adamantine to dull |
| Gores | Scarlet |
| Diafaneitas | Transparan dalam pecahan tipis |
| Berat jenis | 8.176 |
| Sifat optik | Uniaxial (+) |
| Indeks bias | nω = 2.905 nε = 3.256 |
| Bias ganda | δ = 0.351 |
| Kelarutan | 1.04 x 10−25 g per 100 ml water (Ksp at 25 °C = 2 x 10−32)[1] |
| Referensi | [2][3][4][5] |
Sinabar (/ˈsɪnəbɑːr/) dan cinnabarite (/sɪnəˈbɑːraɪt/), yang tampaknya berasal dari kata bahasa Yunani Kuno: κιννάβαρι[6] (kinnabari), merujuk kepada bebatuan bata berwarna bata merah berunsur merkuri(II) sulfida, berumur HgS, yang merupakan sumber bijih paling umum untuk mendapatkan unsur merkuri.
Sinabar digunakan sebagai pewarna sejak zaman kuno di Timur Dekat.
Pada zaman kuno, sinabar digunakan sebagai pengobatan sejak 2000 tahun terakhir. Beberapa rujukan tersedia dalam teks-teks Sansekerta.
Referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ Myers, R.J. (1986). "The new low value for the second dissociation constant of H2S. Its history, its best value, and its impact on teaching sulfide equilibria". J. Chem. Ed. 63: 689, 687–690.
- ^ Mineralienatlas
- ^ "Cinnabar (Hgs)" (PDF). Rruff.geo.arizona.edu. Diakses tanggal 2015-07-24.
- ^ "Cinnabar: Cinnabar mineral information and data". Mindat.org. Diakses tanggal 2015-07-24.
- ^ "Cinnabar Mineral Data". Webmineral.com. Diakses tanggal 2015-07-24.
- ^
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Cinnabar". Encyclopædia Britannica. 6 (edisi ke-11). Cambridge University Press. hlm. 376.
Bacaan tambahan
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Susan Stewart, 2014, "'Gleaming and deadly white': Toxic cosmetics in the Roman world," pp. 84f, 79-88, in History of Toxicology and Environmental Health: Toxicology in Antiquity II (Philip Wexler, Ed.), New York, NY, USA:Academic Press, ISBN 0-12-801634-5
Barone G., Di Bella M., Mastelloni M.A., Mazzoleni P., Quartieri S., Raneri S., Sabatino G., Vailati C.,Pottery production of the pittore di lipari: chemical and mineralogical analysis of the pigments, in 2 end European Mineralogical Conference, emc2016 “Minerals, fluids and rocks: alphabet and words of planet earth”, Rimini, 11-15 sett. 2016, p. 716
Pranala luar
[sunting | sunting sumber]
- MSDS untuk sinabar Diarsipkan 2007-09-12 di Wayback Machine.
- Dartmouth Toxic Metals Research Program – Mercury Diarsipkan 2009-06-26 di Wayback Machine.
- Cinnabar visual reference
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