Bahasa Amerika Umum
Bahasa Amerika Umum (bahasa Inggris: General American), juga dikenal sebagai Bahasa Inggris Amerika Baku (bahasa Inggris: Standard American English), adalah aksen utama dalam bahasa Inggris Amerika. Aksen ini tidak terbatas di Amerika Serikat saja. Dalam bahasa Inggris Amerika, bahasa Amerika Umum dan aksen yang mendekatinya bersifat kontras dengan bahasa Inggris Amerika Serikat Selatan, beberapa aksen Timur Laut, dan aksen regional lainnya dan aksen-aksen kelompok masyarakat seperti bahasa Inggris Daerah Afrika Amerika.
Lihat pula
[sunting | sunting sumber]Catatan kaki
[sunting | sunting sumber]Referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Boyce, S.; Espy-Wilson, C. (1997), "Coarticulatory stability in American English /r/", Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 101 (6): 3741–3753, doi:10.1121/1.418333, PMID 9193061
- Delattre, P.; Freeman, D.C. (1968), "A dialect study of American R's by x-ray motion picture", Linguistics, 44: 29–68
- Hallé, Pierre A.; Best, Catherine T.; Levitt; Andrea (1999), "Phonetic vs. phonological influences on French listeners' perception of American English approximants", Journal of Phonetics, 27: 281–306, doi:10.1006/jpho.1999.0097
- Labov, William; Ash, Sharon; Boberg, Charles (2006), The Atlas of North American English, Berlin: Mouton-de Gruyter, hlm. 187–208, ISBN 3-11-016746-8
- Roca, Iggy; Johnson, Wyn (1999), Course in Phonology, Blackwell Publishing
- Seabrook, John (May 19, 2005), "The Academy: Talking the Tawk", The New Yorker, diakses tanggal 2008-05-14
- Shitara, Yuko (1993), "A survey of American pronunciation preferences", Speech Hearing and Language, 7: 201–232
- Silverstein, Bernard (1994), NTC's Dictionary of American English Pronunciation, Lincolnwood, Illinois: NTC Publishing Group, ISBN 0-8442-0726-8
- Thomas, Erik R. (2001), An acoustic analysis of vowel variation in New World English, Publication of the American Dialect Society, 85, Duke University Press for the American Dialect Society, ISSN 0002-8207
- Wells, John C. (1982a), Accents of English, 1, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-22919-7
- Wells, John C. (1982b), Accents of English, 2, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-24224-X
- Wells, John C. (1982c), Accents of English, 3, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-24225-8
- Wells, John C. (2000), Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (edisi ke-2nd), Harlow: Longman, ISBN 0-582-36468-X
- Zawadski, P.A.; Kuehn, D.P. (1980), "A cineradiographic study of static and dynamic aspects of American English /r/", Phonetica, 37 (4): 253–266, doi:10.1159/000259995, PMID 7443796
Pranala luar
[sunting | sunting sumber]- The CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
- 'Hover & Hear' pronunciations in a General American accent Diarsipkan 2013-02-02 di Archive.is, and compare side by side with other English accents from the US and around the World.
- Hollywords Audiovisual Industry Dictionary Project Style Guide (Includes pronunciation guides based on the American Broadcast English (ABE) accent)[pranala nonaktif permanen]