Kacapiring (bunga)

Kacapiring
	Gardenia jasminoides
Klasifikasi ilmiah
Kerajaan:	Plantae
Klad:	Tracheophyta
Klad:	Angiospermae
Klad:	Eudikotil
Klad:	Asterid
Ordo:	Gentianales
Famili:	Rubiaceae
Subfamili:	Ixoroideae
Tribus:	Gardenieae
Genus:	Gardenia; J.Ellis
Species
	Lihat teks.

Gardenia atau kacapiring adalah suatu genus tumbuhan berbunga dalam keluarga tumbuhan kopi, Rubiaceae, yang berhabitat alami di daerah tropik dan subtropik Afrika, Asia, Madagaskar dan Pacific Islands.^[1] Nama genus ini diberikan oleh Carl Linnaeus dan John Ellis berdasarkan nama Dr. Alexander Garden (1730-1791), seorang naturalis kelahiran Skotlandia yang kemudian berdiam di Amerika Serikat.^[2]

Spesies

Hingga Maret 2014^[update] The Plant List mengakui 140 spesies (termasuk nama infraspesifik):^[3]

Gardenia actinocarpa Puttock
Gardenia anapetes A.C.Sm.
Gardenia angkorensis Pit.
Gardenia annamensis Pit.
Gardenia aqualla Stapf & Hutch.
Gardenia archboldiana Merr. & L.M.Perry
Gardenia artensis Montrouz.
Gardenia aubryi Vieill.
Gardenia barnesii Merr.
Gardenia beamanii Y.W.Low
Gardenia boninensis (Nakai) Tuyama ex T.Yamaz.
Gardenia brachythamnus (K.Schum.) Launert
Gardenia brighamii H.Mann - Nānū (Hawaiʻi)
Gardenia buffalina (Lour.) Poir. in J.B.A.M.de Lamarck (= Genipa buffalina)
Gardenia cambodiana Pit.
Gardenia candida A.C.Sm.
Gardenia carinata Wall. ex Roxb. India, Malaya.
Gardenia carstensensis Wernham
Gardenia chanii Y.W.Low
Gardenia chevalieri Pit.
Gardenia clemensiae Merr. & L.M.Perry
Gardenia collinsae Craib
Gardenia colnettiana Guillaumin
Gardenia conferta Guillaumin
Gardenia cornuta Hemsl. (Natal Gardenia). South Africa.
Gardenia coronaria Buch.-Ham.
Gardenia costulata Ridl.
Gardenia crameri Tirveng.
Gardenia cuneata Kurz
Gardenia dacryoides A.Cunn. ex Puttock
Gardenia deplanchei Vieill. ex Guillaumin
Gardenia dolichantha Merr.
Gardenia elata Ridl.
Gardenia epiphytica Jongkind
Gardenia erubescens Stapf & Hutch.
Gardenia esculenta Stokes
Gardenia ewartii Puttock
Gardenia faucicola Puttock
Gardenia fiorii Chiov.
Gardenia flava (Lour.) Poir. in J.B.A.M.de Lamarck (= Genipa flava)
Gardenia forsteniana Miq.
Gardenia fosbergii Tirveng.
Gardenia fucata R.Br. ex Benth.
Gardenia fusca Geddes
Gardenia gardneri Puttock
Gardenia gjellerupii Valeton
Gardenia gordonii Baker
Gardenia grandis Korth.
Gardenia grievei Horne ex Baker
Gardenia griffithii Hook.f.
Gardenia gummifera L.f. India. Small tree, to 3 m high.
Gardenia hageniana Gilli
Gardenia hainanensis Merr.
Gardenia hansemannii K.Schum.
Gardenia hillii Horne ex Baker
Gardenia hutchinsoniana Turrill – Fiji
Gardenia imperialis K.Schum. Tropical Africa. Small tree to 12 m.
- subsp. physophylla (K.Schum.) L.Pauwels
Gardenia invaginata Merr. & L.M.Perry
Gardenia ixorifolia R.Br. ex Hook.f.
Gardenia jabiluka Puttock
Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis – Kacapiring
Gardenia kakaduensis Puttock
Gardenia kamialiensis Takeuchi
Gardenia lacciflua K.Krause
Gardenia lamingtonii F.M.Bailey
Gardenia lanutoo Reinecke
Gardenia latifolia Aiton India. Shrub or tree, 5–10 m high.
Gardenia leopoldiana De Wild. & T.Durand
Gardenia leschenaultii D.Dietr.
Gardenia magnifica Geddes
Gardenia mannii H.St.John & Kuykendall (Hawaiʻi)
Gardenia maugaloae Lauterb.
Gardenia megasperma F.Muell.
Gardenia mollis Schltr.
Gardenia moszkowskii Valeton
Gardenia mutabilis Reinw. ex Blume
Gardenia ngoyensis Schltr.
Gardenia nitida Hook.
Gardenia obtusifolia Roxb. ex Hook.f.
Gardenia ornata K.M.Wong
Gardenia oudiepe Vieill.
Gardenia ovularis F.M.Bailey
Gardenia pallens Merr. & L.M.Perry
Gardenia panduriformis Pierre ex Pit.
Gardenia papuana F.M.Bailey
Gardenia philastrei Pierre ex Pit.
Gardenia posoquerioides S.Moore
Gardenia propinqua Lindl.
Gardenia pseudoternifolia Valeton
Gardenia psidioides Puttock
Gardenia pterocalyx Valeton
Gardenia pyriformis A.Cunn. ex Benth.
- subsp. keartlandii (Tate) Puttock
Gardenia racemulosa Korth.
Gardenia reinwardtiana Blume
Gardenia remyi H.Mann (Hawaiʻi)
Gardenia resinifera Roth (Brilliant Gardenia, Cambi Resin Tree, or dikamali) India. Shrub or small tree, to 3 m high. (= G. lucida, Genipa resinifera)
Gardenia resiniflua Hiern (Gummy Gardenia). South Africa.
Gardenia resinosa F.Muell.
Gardenia rupicola Puttock
Gardenia rutenbergiana (Baill. ex Vatke) J.-F.Leroy (= Genipa rutenbergiana)
Gardenia saxatilis Geddes
Gardenia scabrella Puttock far north Queensland- used in amenities plantings in Cairns
Gardenia schlechteri Bonati & Petitm.
Gardenia schwarzii Puttock
Gardenia sericea Puttock
Gardenia similis (Craib) Craib
Gardenia siphonocalyx Valeton
Gardenia sokotensis Hutch.
Gardenia sootepensis Hutch.
Gardenia stenophylla Merr.
Gardenia stipulosa Zoll. & Moritzi
Gardenia storckii Oliv.
Gardenia subacaulis Stapf & Hutch.
Gardenia subcarinata (Corner) Y.W.Low
Gardenia succosa Baker
Gardenia taitensis DC. (Tahitian Gardenia, Tiare māori). Polynesia.
Gardenia tannaensis Guillaumin
Gardenia ternifolia Schumach. & Thonn. (Large-leaved Transvaal Gardenia). Sudano-Zambezian savannas and woodlands.
- var. goetzei (Stapf & Hutch.) Verdc.
- subsp. jovis-tonantis (Welw.) Verdc. (= G. jovis-tonantis, Genipa jovis-tonantis)
Gardenia tessellaris Puttock
Gardenia thailandica Tirveng.
Gardenia thunbergia Thunb. (White Gardenia, Forest Gardenia, or witkatjiepiering) South Africa. Shrub or small tree, 2–5 m high.
Gardenia tinneae Kotschy & Heuglin
Gardenia transvenulosa Verdc.
Gardenia trochainii Sillans
Gardenia tropidocarpa Wernham
Gardenia truncata Craib
Gardenia tubifera Wall. ex Roxb. (Golden Gardenia). Southeastern Asia. Small tree to 15 m high.
Gardenia urvillei Montrouz.
Gardenia vernicosa Merr. & L.M.Perry
Gardenia vilhelmii Domin
Gardenia vitiensis Seem. (Fijian Gardenia) Fiji.
Gardenia vogelii Hook.f.
Gardenia volkensii K.Schum. (Transvaal Gardenia or Savanna Gardenia). Tropical Africa.
- var. saundersiae (N.E.Br.) Verdc.
- subsp. spathulifolia (Stapf & Hutch.) Verdc.
Gardenia vulcanica K.M.Wong

Pembiakan dan kegunaan

Tumbuhan Gardenia disenangi karena bau bunga yang harum, dan bunganya berukuran besar pada sejumlah spesies.

Galeri

Gardenia brighamii
Gardenia jasminoides 'Plena'
Gardenia jasminoidesl 'Radicans'
Gardenia psidioides
Gardenia taitensis
Gardenia thunbergia karya Edith Struben (1868-1936)
Bunga Gardenia volkensii
Gardenia volkensii bunga, daun, buah

Lihat pula

Referensi

^ Tao Chen; Charlotte M. Taylor, "Gardenia J. Ellis, Philos. Trans. 51: 935. 1761", Flora of China online, 19, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-06-02, diakses tanggal 2016-10-17
^ Ellis, John (1759). [1] Diarsipkan 2023-07-28 di Wayback Machine. "An Account of the Plants Halesia and Gardenia: In a Letter from John Ellis, Esq; F. R. S. to Philip Carteret Webb, Esq; F. R. S." Phil Trans R Soc 1759 51: 929-935.
^ "Gardenia". The Plant List. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-09-05. Diakses tanggal 2014-03-06.

Pranala luar

World Checklist of Rubiaceae Diarsipkan 2021-03-31 di Wayback Machine.

[FOC-1] Tao Chen; Charlotte M. Taylor, "Gardenia J. Ellis, Philos. Trans. 51: 935. 1761", Flora of China online, 19, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-06-02, diakses tanggal 2016-10-17

[2] Ellis, John (1759). [1] Diarsipkan 2023-07-28 di Wayback Machine. "An Account of the Plants Halesia and Gardenia: In a Letter from John Ellis, Esq; F. R. S. to Philip Carteret Webb, Esq; F. R. S." Phil Trans R Soc 1759 51: 929-935.

[TPL-3] "Gardenia". The Plant List. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-09-05. Diakses tanggal 2014-03-06.

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