Limitanei
Limitanei atau ripenses, yang masing-masing artinya "prajurit distrik terdepan" (dari frasa Latin limes, yang artinya sebuah distrik militer dari sebuah provinsi terdepan) dan "prajurit tepi sungai" (dari Rhine dan Danube), adalah bagian penting dari tentara Romawi akhir dan tentara Bizantium awal setelah perombakan pada akhir abad ke-3 dan awal abad ke-4. Tak seperti comitatenses, palatini, dan scolae, limitanei menggarisunkan benteng di sepanjang perbatasan Kekaisaran Romawi dan biasanya tidak bertarung jauh dari benteng mereka.
Referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]Sumber Primer
[sunting | sunting sumber]Sumber Sekunder
[sunting | sunting sumber]- M.C. Bishop and J.C.N. Coulston, Roman Military Equipment, From the Punic Wars to the Fall of Rome (Oxbow Books, 2006)
- Hugh Elton, Warfare in Roman Europe AD 350-425 (Oxford University Press, 1996).
- Peter Heather, The Fall of the Roman Empire: A New History, (MacMillan, 2005).
- Benjamin Isaac, The Limits of Empire: the Roman Army in the East (Oxford University Press, revised ed. 1992).
- A.D. Lee, War in Late Antiquity, A Social History (Blackwell, 2007).
- Luttwak, Edward (1976). The Grand Strategy of the Roman Empire. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins. ISBN 0801821584.
- Pat Southern and Karen R. Dixon, The Late Roman Army (Routledge, 1996).
- Karl Strobel, "Strategy and Army Structure between Septimius Severus and Constantine the Great," in Paul Erdkamp, A Companion to the Roman Army (Wiley-Blackwell, 2011).
- Warren Treadgold, Byzantium and Its Army, 284-1081 (Stanford University Press, 1995).
- Michael Whitby, "Army and Society in the Late Roman World" in Paul Erdkamp, A Companion to the Roman Army (Wiley-Blackwell, 2011).