Muhtasib

Muhtasib (bahasa Arab: محتسب) adalah seseorang yang bertugas melaksanakan hisbah, yaitu kewajiban amar makruf nahi mungkar ("menegakkan yang benar dan melarang yang mungkar"). Di negara-negara Islam pada Abad Pertengahan dan Periode Modern Awal, tugas ini dijalankan oleh lembaga publik yang disebut Ihtisāb (bahasa Arab: احتساب, translit. iḥtisāb). Lembaga semacam ini dapat ditemu di Maroko, Pakistan, dan Aceh saat ini.

Muhtasib pertama diangkat di Irak pada abad kedelapan. Muhtasib diangkat oleh penguasa, wazir, atau qadi, dan kadang juga dibantu oleh petugas-petugas lainnya. Muhtasib aktif di tempat-tempat umum, seperti pasar, tempat pemandian, masjid, dan kuburan. Muhtasib juga dapat menghukum mereka yang melanggar hukum Islam.

Lihat pula

Muhtasib di Aceh

Bacaan lanjut

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