Natrium tiopental

Nama sistematis (IUPAC)
	Natrium 5-etil-5-pentan-2-il-2-sulfanilidena-1,3-diazinana-4,6-diona
Data klinis
Nama dagang	Pentothal, Trapanal
AHFS/Drugs.com	monograph
Kat. kehamilan	D(AU)
Status hukum	Harus dengan resep dokter (S4) (AU) Schedule IV (CA) ? (UK) Schedule III (US)
Rute	intravena (paling umum), oral, rektal
Data farmakokinetik
Ikatan protein	80%
Metabolisme	Hati
Waktu paruh	5,5–26 jam
Pengenal
Nomor CAS	71-73-8 (garam natrium); 76-75-5 (asam bebas)
Kode ATC	N01AF03 N05CA19
PubChem	CID 3000714
DrugBank	DB00599
ChemSpider	2272257
UNII	49Y44QZL70
KEGG	D00714
ChEBI	CHEBI:9561
ChEMBL	CHEMBL738
Sinonim	Serum kejujuran, tiopenton, tiopental
Data kimia
Rumus	C11H17N2NaO2S
SMILES	eMolecules & PubChem
	InChI InChI=1S/C11H18N2O2S.Na/c1-4-6-7(3)11(5-2)8(14)12-10(16)13-9(11)15;/h7H,4-6H2,1-3H3,(H2,12,13,14,15,16);/q;+1/p-1 ; Key:AWLILQARPMWUHA-UHFFFAOYSA-M ;

Natrium tiopental, juga dikenal sebagai natrium Pentotal adalah anestesi umum barbiturat kerja pendek dengan onset cepat. Obat ini adalah analog tiobarbiturat dari pentobarbital, dan analog tiobarbital. Natrium tiopental adalah obat inti dalam Daftar Obat Esensial Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia,^[3] tetapi digantikan oleh propofol.^[4]^[5]^[6] Meskipun demikian, tiopental terdaftar sebagai alternatif yang dapat diterima untuk propofol, tergantung pada ketersediaan lokal dan biaya agen-agen ini.^[6] Obat ini adalah yang pertama dari tiga obat yang diberikan selama sebagian besar suntik mati di Amerika Serikat sampai divisi Hospira AS keberatan dan menghentikan produksi obat ini pada tahun 2011, dan Uni Eropa melarang ekspor obat untuk tujuan tersebut.^[7] Meskipun penyalahgunaan tiopental membawa risiko ketergantungan, penggunaan rekreasinya jarang terjadi.^[8]

Natrium tiopental dikenal dalam budaya populer, terutama dengan nama "natrium pentotal," sebagai "serum kejujuran," meskipun kemanjurannya dalam peran ini masih dipertanyakan.^[9]^[10]

Sejarah

Kegunaan

Mekanisme kerja

Kontroversi

Metabolisme

Dosis

Efek samping

Kontraindikasi

Referensi

^ Russo H, Brès J, Duboin MP, Roquefeuil B (1995). "Pharmacokinetics of thiopental after single and multiple intravenous doses in critical care patients". European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 49 (1–2): 127–37. doi:10.1007/BF00192371. PMID 8751034.
^ Morgan DJ, Blackman GL, Paull JD, Wolf LJ (June 1981). "Pharmacokinetics and plasma binding of thiopental. II: Studies at cesarean section". Anesthesiology. 54 (6): 474–80. doi:10.1097/00000542-198106000-00006 . PMID 7235275.
^ World Health Organization (2009). WHO Model List of Essential Medicines 16th list, March 2009. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/70642/ .
^ World Health Organization (2012). The selection and use of essential medicines : report of the WHO Expert Committee, March 2011 (including the 17th WHO model list of essential medicines and the 3rd WHO model list of essential medicines for children). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/44771 . ISBN 9789241209656. ISSN 0512-3054. WHO technical report series; 965.
^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771 . WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
^ ^a ^b World Health Organization (2021). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/345533 . WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.
^ "Death Penalty Opposition: EU Set to Ban Export of Drug Used in US Executions". Spiegel Online International. Diakses tanggal 23 January 2014.
^ Bryson EO (December 2014). "The Abuse of Agents Used to Induce or Maintain General Anesthesia: Intravenous Hypnotics and the Halogenated Hydrocarbons". Dalam Kaye AD, Vadivelu N, Urman RD. Substance abuse: inpatient and outpatient management for every clinician. New York: Springer. hlm. 115. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1951-2_10. ISBN 978-1493919512. OCLC 897466425.
^ "Can a drug make you tell the truth?". BBC News (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2013-10-03. Diakses tanggal 2024-05-19.
^ Orwig, Jessica. "'Truth serum' drugs do exist. Here's how medicines like sodium pentothal and scopolamine can manipulate the brain". Business Insider (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2024-05-19.

Pranala luar

PubChem Substance Summary: Thiopental
Vassallo, Susi, M.D. "Thiopental in Lethal Injection" (Archive). Fordham Urban Law Journal. Vol. 35, issue 4. June 18, 2008. pp. 957–968.

[1] Russo H, Brès J, Duboin MP, Roquefeuil B (1995). "Pharmacokinetics of thiopental after single and multiple intravenous doses in critical care patients". European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 49 (1–2): 127–37. doi:10.1007/BF00192371. PMID 8751034.

[Pharmacokinetics_and_plasma_binding-2] Morgan DJ, Blackman GL, Paull JD, Wolf LJ (June 1981). "Pharmacokinetics and plasma binding of thiopental. II: Studies at cesarean section". Anesthesiology. 54 (6): 474–80. doi:10.1097/00000542-198106000-00006 . PMID 7235275.

[3] World Health Organization (2009). WHO Model List of Essential Medicines 16th list, March 2009. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/70642/ .

[4] World Health Organization (2012). The selection and use of essential medicines : report of the WHO Expert Committee, March 2011 (including the 17th WHO model list of essential medicines and the 3rd WHO model list of essential medicines for children). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/44771 . ISBN 9789241209656. ISSN 0512-3054. WHO technical report series; 965.

[WHO21st-5] World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771 . WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.

[WHO22nd-6] World Health Organization (2021). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/345533 . WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.

[7] "Death Penalty Opposition: EU Set to Ban Export of Drug Used in US Executions". Spiegel Online International. Diakses tanggal 23 January 2014.

[8] Bryson EO (December 2014). "The Abuse of Agents Used to Induce or Maintain General Anesthesia: Intravenous Hypnotics and the Halogenated Hydrocarbons". Dalam Kaye AD, Vadivelu N, Urman RD. Substance abuse: inpatient and outpatient management for every clinician. New York: Springer. hlm. 115. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1951-2_10. ISBN 978-1493919512. OCLC 897466425.

[9] "Can a drug make you tell the truth?". BBC News (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2013-10-03. Diakses tanggal 2024-05-19.

[10] Orwig, Jessica. "'Truth serum' drugs do exist. Here's how medicines like sodium pentothal and scopolamine can manipulate the brain". Business Insider (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2024-05-19.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]