Pheidippides

Pheidippides
Pheidippides
	Patung Pheidippides di Jalan Marathon.
Lahir	sekitar 530 SM; Athena
Meninggal	sekitar 490 SM; Athena

Pheidippides (bahasa Yunani: Φειδιππίδης, terkadang disebut Phidippides, oleh Herodotos dan Plutarkhos,^[1] atau Philippides), pahlawan Yunani kuno, adalah tokoh utama dalah kisah yang menjadi inspirasi bagi perlombaan olahraga modern, maraton.

Kisah tradisionalnya menceritakan bahwa Pheidippides (530 SM–490 SM), sorang pembawa pesan atau hemerodrome Athena^[2] (diterjemahkan sebagai "pelari siang" (Kyle 2007),^[3] kurir (Larcher 1806),^[4]^[5] "kurir lari profesional" (Sears 2003)^[2] atau "pelari sepanjang hari" (Miller 2006)^[6]), dikirim ke Sparta untuk meminta bantuan ketika pasukan Persia berlabuh di Marathon, Yunani. Dia berlari sejauh 240 km (150 mi) dalam dua hari. Dia kemudian berlari sejauh 40 km (25 mi) dari medan perang dekat Marathon hingga ke Athena untuk mengabarkan kemenangan Yunani atas Persia dalam Pertempuran Marathon (490 SM) dengan kata-kata νικωμεν’ (nikomen^[7]–"Kita menang"), seperti dikisahkan oleh LuKianos "khairate, nikomen" ("jayalah, kita menang")^[8] sebelum kemudian terjatuh dan meninggal.

Catatan kaki

^ Nick Sekunda. Marathon 490 Bc:The First Persian Invasion of Greece. Osprey Publishing, 18 Oct 2002. ISBN 1841760005.
^ ^a ^b Edward Seldon Sears. Running Through the Ages. McFarland, 2001. Diakses tanggal 2012-04-08.
^ Donald G. Kyle (Professor and Chair of History at the University of Texas). Sport And Spectacle in the Ancient World. John Wiley & Sons, 2007. ISBN 0631229701. Diakses tanggal 2012-04-08.
^ Herodotus -Herodotus, Volume 3 Leigh and S. Southeby, 1806 Retrieved 2012-04-08
^ Larcher, Pierre Henri 1726-1812; Cooley, William Desborough, d. 1883. Larcher's Notes on Herodotus, historical and critical comments on the History of Herodotus, with a chronological table; Translated from the French (1844). London, Whittaker. Diakses tanggal 2012-04-08.
^ Stephen G. Miller (professor of classical archaeology at the University of California). Ancient Greek Athletics. Yale University Press, 1 Aug 2006. ISBN 0300115296. Diakses tanggal 2012-04-08.
^ University news team (7 September 2011). "News from the University Press releases "Bristol team to mark 2,500th anniversary of the first marathon"". University of Bristol.
^ Herodotus, Robin Waterfield, Carolyn Dewald. The Histories. Oxford University Press, 15 May 2008. Diakses tanggal 2012-04-08.

Pranala luar

Spartathlon website
1896 - Pheidippides... run again! Olympic Opera by the composer Luca Belcastro
The Story of the Marathon

[0-1] Nick Sekunda. Marathon 490 Bc:The First Persian Invasion of Greece. Osprey Publishing, 18 Oct 2002. ISBN 1841760005.

[Edward_Seldon_Sears-2] Edward Seldon Sears. Running Through the Ages. McFarland, 2001. Diakses tanggal 2012-04-08.

[Donald_G._Kyle-3] Donald G. Kyle (Professor and Chair of History at the University of Texas). Sport And Spectacle in the Ancient World. John Wiley & Sons, 2007. ISBN 0631229701. Diakses tanggal 2012-04-08.

[4] Herodotus -Herodotus, Volume 3 Leigh and S. Southeby, 1806 Retrieved 2012-04-08

[Pierre_Henri_Larcher-5] Larcher, Pierre Henri 1726-1812; Cooley, William Desborough, d. 1883. Larcher's Notes on Herodotus, historical and critical comments on the History of Herodotus, with a chronological table; Translated from the French (1844). London, Whittaker. Diakses tanggal 2012-04-08.

[Mill's-6] Stephen G. Miller (professor of classical archaeology at the University of California). Ancient Greek Athletics. Yale University Press, 1 Aug 2006. ISBN 0300115296. Diakses tanggal 2012-04-08.

[University_news_team-7] University news team (7 September 2011). "News from the University Press releases "Bristol team to mark 2,500th anniversary of the first marathon"". University of Bristol.

[Herodotus,_Robin_Waterfield,_Carolyn_Dewald-8] Herodotus, Robin Waterfield, Carolyn Dewald. The Histories. Oxford University Press, 15 May 2008. Diakses tanggal 2012-04-08.

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