Teori konspirasi Pemerintahan Pendudukan Zionis
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| Antisemitisme |
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Pemerintahan Pendudukan Zionis atau Zionist Occupation Government (ZOG) adalah teori konspirasi antisemit yang menyatakan bahwa umat Yahudi diam-diam mengendalikan suatu negara sedangkan pemerintahan resminya hanyalah rezim boneka.[1]
Istilah ini dipakai oleh kelompok-kelompok antisemit seperti kaum supremasi kulit putih di Amerika Serikat[2][3][4][5][6][7] dan Eropa,[8] kaum ultra-nasionalis seperti Pamyat di Rusia, dan berbagai kelompok sayap kanan seperti yang ada di Polandia.[9]
Kata "Zionis" di "Pemerintahan Pendudukan Zionis" tidak sama dengan ideologi Zionisme, gerakan pendukung negara Yahudi di Tanah Israel. Karena teoriwan konspirasi cenderung memasukkan negara yang berada di luar wilayah itu, penggunaan kata Zionis di sini menjadi salah kaprah sehingga menggambarkan umat Yahudi sebagai konspirator yang ingin menguasai dunia,[2] seperti yang termaktub dalam Protocols of the Elders of Zion.[10]
Sejarah
[sunting | sunting sumber]Istilah ini awalnya muncul dalam sebuah artikel tahun 1976, Welcome to ZOG-World, yang ditulis oleh neo-Nazi Amerika Serikat Eric Thomson.[a] Istilah ini mulai dikenal luas setelah muncul artikel di The New York Times tanggal 27 Desember 1984 yang memberitakan perampokan di California dan Washington oleh kelompok supremasi kulit putih bernama The Order. Menurut surat kabar, aksi kriminal tersebut "dilakukan untuk menggalang dana perang melawan pemerintah Amerika Serikat yang oleh kelompok ini disebut 'ZOG' atau Zionist Occupation Government."[12]
Order of the Silent Brotherhood merupakan pecahan Aryan Nations, organisasi yang didirikan pada awal 1970-an oleh Richard G. Butler; Aryan Nations sejak 1950-an telah dikaitkan dengan kelompok antisemit lain bernama Church of Jesus Christ Christian. Kedua kelompok ini mengakar dari para aktivis antisemit seperti Gerald L. K. Smith dan pernah berhubungan dengan Ku Klux Klan.
Sejumlah penganut Katolik Roma juga terlibat dalam gerakan kebencian anti-Yahudi seperti penyiar radio Charles Coughlin. Pandangan ini sudah dipegang umat Katolik sejak era Inkusisi.[13][14]
Nama ini dimasukkan berulang kali di semua terbitan Aryan Nations. Bulan Desember 1984, majalah Newsweek melaporkan bahwa Aryan Nations mendirikan Bulletin Board System bernama "Aryan Nation Liberty Net" untuk menyampaikan informasi tertentu seperti lokasi kantor Partai Komunis dan "informan ZOG".
Tahun 1985, kelompok radikal asal Oregon, Posse Comitatus, mengumumkan bahwa: "Bangsa kita saat ini dikendalikan sepenuhnya oleh pemerintahan bayangan internasional Yahudi sedunia."[15]
Pada tahun 1996, Aryan Nations menerbitkan Deklarasi Kemerdekaan Arya. Di dalamnya, mereka menulis bahwa "sejarah Pemerintahan Pendudukan Zionis Amerika Serikat saat ini merupakan sejarah serangan dan pengambilalihan yang terulang lagi... [semuanya] memiliki tujuan jelas—mendirikan tirani absolut di negara-negara bagian Amerika Serikat." Meyakini bahwa "pemusnahan ras putih dan kebudayaannya" sebagai "salah satu tujuan utamanya", ZOG dituduh menyalurkan "kekuasaan pemerintah kepada perusahaan swasta, pengkhianat kulit putih, dan keluarga golongan penguasa Yahudi."
Sejak 1996, penggunaan nama ini mulai meluas dan saat ini dikenal bersama organisasi-organisasi antisemit lain. Neo-Nazi Swedia, misalnya, mengatakan bahwa umat Yahudi di dalam Pemerintahan Pendudukan Zionis Swedia sedang mengimpor imigran untuk "melenyapkan darah ras kulit putih".[16] Situs-situs web seperti Jew Watch mengklaim bahwa seluruh negara-negara Barat dan negara lainnya dikuasai oleh Pemerintahan Pendudukan Zionis.[17]
LIhat pula
[sunting | sunting sumber]Catatan
[sunting | sunting sumber]Referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ Berlet, Chip (2004-10-01). "Zog Ate My Brains: Conspiracy theories about Jews abound". New Internationalist (372). Diakses tanggal 2010-12-09.
- ^ a b Daniels 1997, hlm. 45: “Conceptualizations of class and state converge in the white supremacist discourse in the characterization of the United States government as the ‘Zionist Occupation Government’ (ZOG)... As indicated by the ubiquitous reference to the state as ‘ZOG’ (‘Zionist’ is equated with ‘Jewish’) within these publications, the state is depicted as inherently ‘Jewish’, a racial identity within the discourse. The government, as well as the corporate elite, is supposedly ‘occupied’ and controlled by Jews.” Kesalahan pengutipan: Tanda
<ref>tidak sah; nama "FOOTNOTEDaniels199745" didefinisikan berulang dengan isi berbeda - ^ Bronner, Stephen Eric (2000), A Rumor About the Jews: Reflections on Antisemitism and "The Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion", Palgrave Macmillan, hlm. 136,
The National States Rights Party and the California Noontide Press distributed the Protocols during the 1970s and it is still hailed by representatives of right-wing militias: William Luther Pierce, author of the neofascist bestseller The Turner Diaries, for example, identifies the American state as a "Zionist Occupation Government.
- ^ Brasher, Brenda (2001), Encyclopedia of Fundamentalism, Routledge, hlm. 305,
With the racist and anti-Semitic theology of Christian Identity as their justification, they blame the Jewish Antichrist, or the Zionist Occupation Government (ZOG), which rules in Washington, taking its orders from internationalist Jews in Israel, the United Nations, and the Fortune 500. Attracting old-line hate groups like the Ku Klux Klan and inspiring newer ones like the Aryan Nation Alliance..., the militia and Patriot movement have helped to legitimize racist and anti-Semitic hate groups...
- ^ Perry, Barbara (2003), Hate and Bias Crime, Routledge, hlm. 325,
...vivid philosophy of White supremacy, including the belief that the United States is manipulated by foreign Jewish interests collectively known as the Zionist Occupation Government (ZOG). With this conspiracy theory, the strain is "explained" (e.g., the Jews are behind multicultural curricula), and the solution is presented: hate crimes and race war.
- ^ Pilch, Richard F; Zilinskas, Raymond A (2005), Encyclopedia of Bioterrorism Defense, Wiley, hlm. 114,
The importance of Christian Identity (CI) in the context of bioterrorism is that it has been openly embraced by certain U.S. right-wing ‘militia’ and terrorist cells whose members have expressed interest in acquiring or utilizing pathogens and toxic chemical agents... as weapons against their opponents, including representatives of the ‘Zionist Occupation Government’ (ZOG) that they feel is controlled by ‘satanic’ Jews.
- ^ Sauter, Mark; Carafano, James (2005), Homeland Security, McGraw-Hill, hlm. 122,
The Order, a faction of the Aryan Nations, seized national attention during the 1980s. The tightly organized racist and anti-Semitic group opposed the federal government, calling it the ‘ZOG,’ or Zionist Occupation Government.
- ^ Weitz, Eric; Fenner, Angelica, ed. (2004), Fascism and Neofascism: Critical Writings on the Radical Right in Europe, Studies in European Culture and History, Palgrave Macmillan, hlm. 208, ISBN 978-1-40396659-9,
...the neo-Nazis have proclaimed themselves a white/Aryan resistance movement fighting the Zionist Occupation Government (ZOG) and racial traitors.
. - ^ Blobaum, Robert (1983). Antisemitism And Its Opponents In Modern Poland. Cornell University Press. hlm. 97. ISBN 0-691-11306-8..
- ^ Schwarz, Rabbi Sidney (2006), Judaism and Justice: The Jewish Passion to Repair the World, Jewish Lights Publishing, hlm. 96, ISBN 1-58023-312-0,
One of the most widely distributed anti-Semitic tracts in history is The Protocols of the Elders of Zion, a book of canards authored in the nineteenth century that portrays Jews as conspiring to seek global dominance. Similarly, American-based racist groups in this last century have frequently leveled accusations against Jews for controlling both banks and public officials.
. - ^ Thomson, Eric, Welcome to ZOG-World, FAEM, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-12-27, diakses tanggal 2014-05-20.
- ^ King, Wayne (1984-12-27). "Links of Anti-semitic Band Provoke 6-state Parley". The New York Times. hlm. 7.
Canadian White Nationalists use this term as well.
- ^ CNN, Mea Culpa Diarsipkan 2013-05-30 di Wayback Machine.
- ^ New York Times, Mea Culpa
- ^ Christian Posse Comitatus Newsletter, n.d. quoted in Stern, Kenneth S (1996), A Force upon the Plain: The American Militia Movement and the Politics of Hate, New York: Simon & Schuster, hlm. 50.
- ^ Pred, Allan (2000), Even in Sweden, University of California Press.
- ^ "Jewish Occupied Governments". Jew Watch. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-09-20. Diakses tanggal 2008-01-09.
Daftar pustaka
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Daniels, Jessie, White Lies: Race, Class, Gender and Sexuality in White Supremacist Discourse, UK: Routledge, ISBN 0-415-91289-X
Pranala luar
[sunting | sunting sumber]- "Aryan nations", Poisoning the Web: Hatred Online, The Anti-Defamation League, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2009-08-02, diakses tanggal 2014-05-20.
- "Extremists conflicted", The Christian Science Monitor, 2002-06-18.
- Southern Poverty Law Center, Southern Poverty Law Center.